![]() If a comparison group of unexposed persons is included, a relative risk can be calculated. Exposure can be categorised as present or absent or by levels of exposure, such as blood pressures.Ī central feature of a cohort study is that for a cohort of all exposed persons, the risk (or the rate) for the outcome can be calculated as. Because of the observational nature of cohort studies, they predominantly serve to determine association (correlation) between an exposure and outcome (e.g., disease) rather than a causal relationship.Įxposures can be general characteristics, such as age or sex risk factors, such as smoking or alcohol consumption a health-related intervention or a disease. They differ from clinical trials, in that no intervention, treatment, or exposure (see below) is administered to the participants. Cohort studies may comprise healthy persons, or may start by sampling people with a disease or condition. Circumstance such as living near a toxic waste siteĬohort studies are longitudinal, observational studies, which investigate predictive risk factors and health outcomes within one or more cohorts.Behaviour or activity such as smoking or having been at a certain public event or.Constitutional factor such as blood group or immune status.Demographic factor such as age, race, or sex or born within a given time frame.A cohort is any group of individuals sharing a common characteristic.
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